Optimasi Kontrol PID Cruise Control Sepeda Motor Matic terhadap Variasi Kecepatan dan Massa Beban Dinamis

Dody Setiawan; Muchamad Malik; Wardatul Jannah

doi:10.69688/juksit.v5i1.1.304

Authors

Dody Setiawan Universitas PGRI Semarang
Muchamad Malik Universitas Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia Semarang
Wardatul Jannah Universitas Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia Semarang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.69688/juksit.v5i1.1.304

Keywords:

Arduino Uno , Cruise control , Kontrol PID , Massa Dinamis , Sepeda Motor Matic , Variasi kecepatan

Abstract

Perkembangan teknologi otomotif pada sepeda motor matic menuntut adanya inovasi kendali kecepatan yang presisi untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan serta keamanan berkendara, salah satunya melalui penerapan sistem cruise control. Namun, mayoritas penelitian terdahulu hanya menguji sistem pada rentang kecepatan terbatas tanpa memperhitungkan fluktuasi massa beban pengendara yang sangat memengaruhi dinamika mekanis transmisi Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengoptimalkan serta menganalisis performa sistem cruise control berbasis mikrokontroler Arduino Uno dengan algoritma kendali (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) PID pada variasi kecepatan yang luas (30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, dan 70 km/jam) serta variasi massa beban dinamis (50 kg, 70 kg, dan 90 kg). Metodologi yang digunakan adalah eksperimen kuantitatif dengan mengintegrasikan sensor kecepatan Hall Effect, aktuator motor servo untuk pengontrolan throttle valve, dan antarmuka LCD. Pengujian eksperimental dilakukan pada 27 kondisi operasional yang berbeda untuk mengukur pembacaan kesalahan sensor, respon transien (rise time, overshoot, settling time), serta steady-state error. Hasil Pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sensor Hall Effect menghasilkan rata-rata kesalahan pembacaan sebesar 2,68% terhadap speedometer kendaraan pada rentang 30-70 km/jam. Respons sistem menghasilkan rise time antara 2,80-5,50 detik, overshoot maksimum (4,60%), settling time 3,60-7,00 detik dan steady-rate-error antara ±0,35 hingga ±0,92 km/jam. dan steady-state error yang sangat rendah (±0.35 km/jam hingga ±0.92 km/jam). Peningkatan massa beban dan setpoint kecepatan cenderung meningkatkan waktu respons dan overshoot.

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