Pengembangan Model Pencegahan Malaria Berbasis Intervensi Komunitas Kuasi-Eksperimental di Bonggo, Sarmi, Papua

Trajanus Laurens Jembise; Elieser Elieser; Izak Yesaya Samay; Dais Iswanto

Authors

Trajanus Laurens Jembise Unversitas Cenderawasih
Elieser Elieser Universitas Cenderawasih
Izak Yesaya Samay Unversitas Cenderawasih
Dais Iswanto Unversitas Cenderawasih

Keywords:

Kader Kesehatan, Model Berbasis Komunitas , Pencegahan Malaria, Risiko Lingkungan

Abstract

Latar belakang: Malaria masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Bonggo, Kabupaten Sarmi, Papua, karena penularan dipengaruhi perilaku, lingkungan, dan partisipasi komunitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan dan menilai model pencegahan malaria berbasis komunitas yang memadukan edukasi, pendampingan kader, pengulangan pesan, dan partisipasi masyarakat. Penelitian menggunakan desain quasi-experimental dengan pengukuran pre-test dan post-test pada kelompok intervensi dan kontrol, masing-masing 45 responden. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensial menggunakan Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, serta Difference-in-Differences. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik pada kelompok intervensi, serta penurunan skor risiko lingkungan. Nilai Difference-in-Differences masing-masing sebesar 16,56 pada pengetahuan, 11,67 pada sikap, 9,91 pada praktik, dan -3,33 pada lingkungan, dengan seluruh perbedaan bermakna secara statistik (p < 0,001). Model ini berimplikasi praktis bagi Puskesmas, kader kesehatan, dan pemerintah kampung sebagai dasar edukasi, pendampingan, dan penggerakan masyarakat dalam pencegahan malaria. Kebaruan penelitian terletak pada model lokal Bonggo yang menggabungkan edukasi, pendampingan kader, dan aksi kolektif lingkungan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa model berbasis komunitas dapat memperkuat pencegahan malaria secara bertahap melalui perubahan pengetahuan, perilaku, dan risiko lingkungan.

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