Investigasi Retak Dinding pada Jembatan Tipe Post Tensioned Prestressed Concrete Box Girder di Indonesia

Kohar Yudoprasetyo; Andi Candra Irawan; Mohammad Sigit Darmawan; Nur Ahmad Husin

Authors

Kohar Yudoprasetyo Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
Andi Candra Irawan Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
Prof. Sigit Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
Dr. Husin Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Keywords:

Segmental Box Girder, Retak Web, Metode Elemen Hingga (FEM), Kapasitas Geser, Creep dan Susut

Abstract

Post-tensioned prestressed concrete segmental box girder banyak digunakan pada jembatan bentang panjang karena efisiensi struktural dan kemudahan konstruksinya. Namun, keretakan pada web dapat menurunkan kinerja, durabilitas, dan keandalan struktur. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi karakteristik retak, mengevaluasi mutu material eksisting, menganalisis respons serta kapasitas geser struktur, dan menentukan faktor dominan penyebab keretakan. Metode penelitian mencakup inspeksi visual dan pemetaan retak, pengujian non-destruktif melalui rebound hammer, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity, dan bar locator, pengujian destruktif melalui core drill dan uji tarik baja, serta pemodelan elemen hingga menggunakan CSI Bridge dengan elemen shell. Model dievaluasi pada kondisi layan dan ultimit, serta mempertimbangkan mutu material aktual, gaya prategang, creep, susut, dan tegangan tambahan pada zona pengangkaran. Hasil menunjukkan retak didominasi pola diagonal dan lentur-geser dengan orientasi 30°–45°, terutama di sekitar blok angkur deviasi tendon. Kuat tekan karakteristik beton aktual sebesar 31,97 MPa lebih rendah daripada mutu rencana 41,50 MPa. Tegangan tarik utama kritis mencapai 2,45 MPa, melampaui batas tarik izin beton sebesar 1,86 MPa. Evaluasi geser menunjukkan beberapa node tidak memenuhi kriteria RSNI T-12:2004, SNI 2847:2019, dan AASHTO. Pengaruh creep dan susut menurunkan angka keamanan sekitar 10–15%. Korelasi spasial menunjukkan bahwa zona tegangan tinggi berimpit dengan sebaran retak yang teridentifikasi selama inspeksi lapangan secara langsung. Keretakan disimpulkan terjadi akibat kombinasi defisit kapasitas geser, konsentrasi tegangan pada blok angkur, kehilangan prategang, dan variasi mutu beton eksisting.

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